spandrel wall การใช้

• The spandrel walls are of random coursed stone mortared in place.
• Tie rods were added in 1930 to brace the spandrel walls.
• Once the stone arch was built, the spandrel walls and wing walls could be added.
• Each spandrel wall was now wide.
• The rubble spandrel walls continue back in straight lines to form the retaining walls for the approaches.
• The spandrel walls on both sides are broken up, revealing the interior filling of stone, sand and earth.
• L1409's spandrel walls and earth fill were torn away, though the stone arch was so sturdily built it held in place.
• The spandrel walls had parted due to the horizontal forces imposed by the canal, and a longitudinal split had opened up in the arch.
• This led to a " narrow wall at the arch crown " and a " protruding rock parapet " atop this spandrel wall on either side.
• The recessed spandrel walls are finished off with the form concrete slightly patterned to contrast with the smooth finish of the projecting faces of the arches.
• The bridge was built of local limestone whose shape varies according to its function : the arches consist of voussoirs, the spandrel walls of irregular stonework.
• The approaches were flanked by wing walls constructed of riprap stones, and the spandrel walls were topped by parapets made of " rough, crenellated stones ".
• Later writers, with the benefit of engineering knowledge acquired after Jessop's time, have suggested that the spandrel walls were simply too slender for the forces imposed.
• On the exterior, a pair of arched niches was set into the spandrel wall, with an additional, twice as large niche at the downstream side in between.
• In the mid-1960s, the Promontory Apartments Trust contacted Mies about alterations to the ground floor as well as through-wall air conditioners for the spandrel walls.
• It is detailed with prominent cornices at the bases of the arches and incised lines on the spandrel walls of a form similar to the joints that would occur in a stone bridge.
• The structure is detailed with prominent cornices at the bases of the arches and incised lines on the spandrel walls of a form similar to the joints that would occur in a stone bridge.
• The fourth "'Berkley Dighton Bridge "'is a four-span concrete arch bridge with closed spandrel walls of cast-in-place concrete, using pile-supported abutments and piers.
• His Mechanical Engineering Research building on the Illinois Institute of Technology campus featured an exposed concrete frame, but it was infilled with brick spandrel walls and windows and was not constructed in accordance with Mies'design.
• The 1887-88 stone arch replacement was originally intended to be four tracks wide, but only half of the superstructure width ( two tracks ) was constructed, leaving an unfinished spandrel wall on the southern face.